000			02017nam a2200289Ia 4500
001			177944
003			0000000000
005			20211104034102.0
008			071106s2008 nyumbf b a001 0 eng
020			_a9780307339829
035			_a(AEA)B4766A2AD9E64A678CD18BDE8BA83C12
050			_aF 417.P45 _b.W580 2008
100			_aWhitaker, Robert. _9110311
245		0	_aOn the laps of gods : _bthe Red Summer of 1919 and the struggle for justice that remade a nation / _cRobert Whitaker.
260			_aNew York : _bCrown Publishers, _cc2008.
300			_a386 p., [16] p. of plates : _bill., maps _c24 cm.
504			_aIncludes bibliographical references (p. [361]-367) and index.
520			_aSeptember 30, 1919. The United States teetered on the edge of a racial civil war. Racial fighting had erupted in 25 cities. Deep in the Arkansas Delta, black sharecroppers formed a union to sue their white landowners, who had cheated them for years. What happened next has long been shrouded in controversy. Over several days, posses and federal troops gunned down more than 100 men, women, and children. White authorities arrested more than 300 black farmers, and in brief trials, all-white juries sentenced twelve union leaders to the electric chair. And then, a lawyer from Little Rock stepped forward. Scipio Africanus Jones, born a slave, joined with the NAACP to mount an appeal in which he argued that his clients' constitutional rights to a fair trial had been violated. Never before had the U.S. Supreme Court set aside a criminal verdict in a state court because the proceedings had been unfair.--From publisher description.
650			_aAfrican Americans _zArkansas _9110312
650			_aElaine Race Riot, Elaine, Ark., 1919. _zArkansas _9110313
650			_aRace riots _zPhillips County _9110314
650			_aTrials (Murder) _zPhillips County _9110315
650			_zArkansas _9110316
650			_zPhillips County _9110317
942			_cALR
999			_c76707 _d76707